The two principles to reduce the electric current are ( i ) to minimise the potential difference between the conductive objects simultaneously touched by the person , ( ii ) to insulate as far as practicable all other metal parts that could be touched by the person 而要减低电流额，理论上有两个方法。其一是将人体可接触到的导体电压控制到最低或达致大致相等。而其二是令人体可接触到的其他金属部分尽量绝缘。
The corresponding measures for the administration were also suggested . content after reviewed and summarized its national and international development , we analyzed the cause of the emergence and development of the offshore finance , which showed that the offshore finance came from the potential difference of control and grew in the superiority of efficiency . by using statistical techniques , we predicted renminbi ’ s cross - border circulation and offshore amount , comparatively analyzed the characteristics of renminbi and us dollar , and derived the inevitability of the 在对国内外离岸金融开展情况进行回顾和总结的基础上,分析离岸金融产生与发展的原因,指出离岸金融产生的原因在于管制势差,生命力在于效率优势;运用统计学相关工具对人民币跨境流通和境外存量进行预测,对比分析人民币离岸金融与美元离岸金融的特点,分析了人民币离岸金融产生的必然性。
Subordinate function of evaluation index is determined by means of triangle whitenization function . the potential difference of the area is evaluated through gray cluster . conceptual model that estimates energy of the science & technology productivity is built up relying on the thought of the strength potential energy for support 第三部分着重定量研究,以长三角三省为实例,用三角白化权函数的灰色聚类评估评价区域的位势差,并借重力势能的思想构建了科技生产力流动势能能量测度的概念模型。
To achieve accurate detection of surface potential , the measurement of the contact potential difference of the zno / si step was also carried out . polarization - related surface properties of ferroelectric thin films were investigated by kelvin probe force microscopy ( kpfm ) , leading to the discovery of asymmetric charge writing on the surface of pb ( zr _ ( 0 . 55 ) ti _ ( 0 . 45 ) ) o _ 3 ( pzt ) thin film 为了优化仪器的检测灵敏度和稳定性,选用氧化锌薄膜上的zno / si台阶作为测试对象,检测了zno / si的接触电势差;通过改变仪器系统参数,发现针尖-样品距离和扫描速度对接触电势差的检测结果影响显著。
It is found that the surface potential of the negative charge bits are higher than those of the corresponding positive ones . when ferroelectric polarization switching occurs , the potential difference becomes even more remarkable . the origin of this phenomenon traced to the existence of internal field within the interface layer which is near the ferroelectric / electrode interface 研究发现pzt薄膜表面的电荷沉积与薄膜-底电极界面层内部的界面电场存在密切联系,由此我们建立了一个界面电场模型,定性地解释了pzt薄膜表面电荷沉积的非对称现象。
In this paper , based on the previous research result , by using theory of electrochemical mechanism , probability math , reliability theory , basic theory of pre - stressed concrete structures , structure optimum design , theory of control , maintenance strategy decision theory of structures and etc . , the research on steel corrosion monitoring method , structural corrosion damage model , reliability analysis , the maintenance and repair method that based on corrosion control , the optimum structural design method of new bridge structures that consider durability and the optimum maintenance strategy decision theory are carried out . 2 . corrosion mechanism and monitoring technique it is widely accepted that the corrosion of steel in concrete structure is a electrochemical process , include the formation of anode & cathode area on metal surface and potential difference between different ' area 本文在已有理论研究的基础上，针对预应力混凝土桥梁建设及使用中存在的影响结构耐久性的实际问题，综合运用电化学理论、概率理论、结构可靠性理论、混凝土和预应力混凝土结构基本理论、结构优化理论及控制维修决策等理论和方法，详细研究了基于电化学理论的钢筋锈蚀检测方法、预应力混凝土桥梁结构的腐蚀损伤模型、可靠性分析、基于腐蚀控制的维修方法、桥梁结构方案选型及优化设计以及在役桥梁结构的优化维修决策等问题第二章混凝土结构的腐蚀机理及检测技术目前普遍认为，结构混凝土中钢筋的腐蚀是一种电化学的过程，包括在金属表面形成阳极(腐蚀)和阴极(钝化)区域以及不同区域间的电位差等。
Competitive positioning marketing is on the basis of the five important customer psychology factors which 《 new positioning 》 prefer , and competitive positioning marketing is new apprehension about the strategy of enterprise position . use the a nalysis method of potential difference and order difference can help us confirm the position of competitor and own , this is premise we nicely work out competitive tactic 竞争定位营销是建立在《新定位》提出的消费者五个重要心理因素基础之上的，是对企业地位战略的新理解，运用位差和序差的分析方法有助于找准自己和竞争者在竞争中所处的位置，这是准确制定竞争策略的前提。
The result shows that the potential difference between the upper side and bottom side of the cantilever sample present the biphasic pulse when it is under step load , the result also shows the potential between the upper side and bottom side of the four point bending beam adds with the frequency of load , but the phase difference changes opposite from the potential 结果表明流动电位差在跃阶载荷作用下存在双脉冲现象，而在受交变载荷时其值随载荷频率的增加而增加并趋于平缓，其相位差则与电位差的变化刚好相反，这与gross和salzstein等的结果一致。
The effects of contact potential differences ( cpd ) in the experiments for testing coulomb ' s inverse square law and detecting the photon rest mass based on the concentric metal spheres were discussed , and the ultimate restrictions on hte experimental sensitivities due to cpd were presented for static experiments and dynamic ones respectively 摘要分析基于同心导体球壳方法检验库仑反平方定律和光子静止质量的实验中接触势的影响，并分别给出了静态和动态实验中接触势对实验灵敏度的限制。
